What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
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Modern public buildings such as shopping malls, supermarkets, subway stations, stations, etc., have installed escalators, so as a designer, in addition to the concept and basic composition of escalators, but also to understand and master its relevant specifications, design points and construction process and other aspects.

What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?

Today, let's take a look at the following aspects of escalators:

1. Design Points and Specifications for Escalators
2. Construction Process and Points of Escalator

In order to do the perfect escalator decoration design, it is necessary to understand and master the relevant design points and specifications of the escalator, usually including the following aspects:
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
1. Angle

The inclination angle of the escalator (the maximum angle between the running direction of the steps, pedals or tape and the horizontal plane) is usually set to 30° or 35°.
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
Considering the specification requirements, space saving, comfort and other factors, the vast majority of projects are preferred to use 30°  inclination angle design.

2. Width

The nominal width of the escalator steps (the tread length measured laterally after the steps are installed) is usually set to 600mm (single person), 800mm (single person carrying objects), and 1000mm (double person).
In practical application, double steps with a step width of 1000mm are usually selected, and the total width can usually reach 3400~3600mm.

What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
3. Height
a. Access height
The vertical clearance over the escalator steps shall not be less than 2.3m.
In particular, when the design of multi-layer overlapping escalator is used in the space with different floor heights, the thickness of the decorative surface layer of the floor ceiling design or escalator decoration design should be taken into account. That is, the vertical clear height between the steps of the escalator and the completion surface of the upper ceiling or the completion surface of the decorative bottom plate of the escalator shall not be less than 2.3m.
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
4. The vertical clear height over the steps of escalators, treads or conveyor belts of travelators shall not be less than 2.30m.
b. Handrail Height
The vertical distance between the highest point of the balustrade of the escalator and the front edge of the step or the tread surface or the tape surface should not be less than 900mm or more than 1100mm.
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
4. Safety Distance
a. Entrances and Exits
At the entrances and exits of escalators, there should be a sufficiently clear area to accommodate people and prevent congestion. The width of the clear area should normally not be less than 2.5m, and should not be less than 3.5m in densely populated places.
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
1. The width of the entrance/exit clear zone should not be less than 2.5m from the end of the handrail.
2. The width of the access area should not be less than 2.5m from the end of the balustrade belt, and the width of the access area in densely populated public places should not be less than 3.5m.
b. Between Handrails or With Opening Edges
When setting up adjacent parallel or cross double escalators, the horizontal projection distance between the centerline of the handrail belt and the finished surface of parallel walls or floors (beams) and other opening edges should not be less than 0.5m, and the horizontal distance between the centerlines of the handrail belts of the two escalators (paths) should not be less than 0.5m.
If the above distance is less than 0.5m, appropriate protective facilities shall be installed within 1m in front of the resulting acute angle opening.
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
5. The distance between the center line of the handrail belt and the edge of the parallel wall or floor opening: when the adjacent parallel crossing is set, the horizontal distance between the center line of the handrail belt between the two staircases (roads) should not be less than 0.5m, otherwise measures should be taken to prevent the injury caused by obstacles.

11, when the escalator or tilted travelator is scissor-like relative arrangement, as well as with the floor, beam openings side of the part of the staggered parts, should be produced in the acute angle of the mouth of the front 1.0m range of the installation of anti-pinch, anti-shear warning blocking facilities.

3.  two steps (road) adjacent to the parallel or cross-setting, when the center line of the handrail and parallel wall or floor (beam) opening edge of the finished surface of the horizontal projection distance between the center line of the handrail, two steps (road) between the center line of the handrail is less than 0.50m, should be produced in the acute angle of the mouth of the front 1.00m within the scope of the installation of anti-clamping, shear protection facilities or to take other preventive measures against architectural obstacles to prevent injuries to persons. Measures;

9. When the distance between the outer edge of the handrail belt and any obstacle is less than 400mm, at the crossroads of the escalator and the floor and between each cross-setting of the escalator, a vertical protection stopper without sharp edges shall be set above the handrail belt, the height of which shall not be less than 0.3m and shall extend to at least the lower edge of the handrail belt at a distance of 25mm.

5. Protective Measures
a. Entrances and Exits
Escalator entrances and exits around, in order to prevent pedestrians inadvertently fall from the gap, the need to set up enclosure facilities, usually enclosures should be higher than the escalator handrail with more than 100mm, and the gap with the escalator railing for 80 ~ 120mm.

b. Ground level openings or open areas
Protective railings or balustrades should be installed between escalators and floor openings. Fall prevention measures should be taken at the airside part of the escalator located in the central atrium.
When the height of the escalator in public places is greater than or equal to 9.0m, it is appropriate to install a guardrail or railing with a height of not less than 1.20m on the side of the escalator.


6. Fire Prevention Related Content

Escalators should not be used as safety exits, except for special spaces such as human defense and subway, escalators are not counted as safety evacuation facilities.
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?

02. Construction Process and Key Points of Escalator
1. Construction Process
The construction of escalators is relatively complex, and it is usually constructed and installed by manufacturers of professional companies. The following takes the decoration installation process after the main installation of the escalator as an example to talk about the relevant construction process. The finishing installation process is mainly a type of process in which the steel keel frame is the support structure and the metal plate is the finishing material.
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
The construction process is:
Drawing preparation → installation of escalator main body → construction preparation → measurement and positioning → fixing steel keel frame → installation of metal decoration panel → closing treatment → running test and self-test
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
a. Drawing Preparation
The final construction drawing shall be formed after communication and modification by civil engineering, escalator manufacturer and Party A.
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
b. Installation of Escalator Main Body
The escalator manufacturer shall process, install, debug and trial the main body of the escalator according to the relevant drawings. After the installation is completed and qualified, the next installation can be carried out.

What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?

c. Construction Preparation
Confirm that the lighting pipeline and fire spray hidden at the bottom of the escalator are installed and tested to be qualified, and confirm that the construction environmental conditions on site meet the construction requirements. And prepare the construction materials, construction tools, scaffolding and construction personnel technical disclosure and other work.

d. Measurement and Positioning
According to the requirements of the design drawings and the geometric dimensions, the two sides and the bottom of the escalator are straightened, squared, ruled, measured and snapped to determine the size and quantity of the decorative metal plates.
What are the specifications and construction points for escalators?
e. Fixing Steel Keel Frame
Seal a layer of 12cm thick grade A bottom plate as the base, the steel keel frame of the horizontal and vertical bar and the main skeleton of the escalator for welding and fixing, and should be pre-anti-corrosion treatment. The position of the installation skeleton should be accurate and the combination should be firm. After installation, the center line and surface elevation should be thoroughly checked.

f. Installation of Metal Decoration Panel 
After installing the LED light belt at the bottom and sealing the base, the escalator metal decorative panel will be installed. The installation sequence starts from the side panel, one side is installed, and then the other side is installed, and then the bottom corner arc plate is installed, and finally the aluminum plate at the bottom of the escalator is installed.
The method of fixing the metal decoration panel is mainly to set the installation hole or install the special angle code when the metal plate is processed, and then hang or pull riveted on the steel keel frame.
g. Closing Treatment
The closing of the luminator groove and the metal plate, the closing of the end, the pressing of the horizontal part, and the handover of two different materials are not only related to the decorative effect, but also have a greater impact on the use function. Generally in the drawing stage should be considered clearly, and draw comprehensive, do a good job of technical disclosure, according to the drawing construction can be.
h. Running Test and Self-test
After all the installations are completed, the escalator is again tested for operation, and the relevant dimensions of the overall completion are reviewed and self-checked to confirm whether they are in line with the design drawings and specification requirements.

2. Construction Points
a. Review the escalator civil construction dimensions should be carried out many times, including the measurement of lifting height, span, supporting beams and pits and so on. Especially pay attention to the upper and lower support beams of the escalator and the centerline of the escalator should be kept perpendicular.
b. Metal decorative panel varieties, quality, color, pattern, line must meet the design requirements, there should be product certification. The specification and shape of the keel must meet the design requirements, and the fixing of the board surface and the skeleton must be firm and not loose.
c. When installing metal decorative panels, the line should be lifted and checked in time so that errors can be eliminated in time. In order to ensure the quality of appearance, the position of bolts must be accurate.
d. When installing metal decorative panels, the size of the cut board should be accurate, the corners should be neat and smooth, the lap size and direction should be correct, and butt joints are strictly prohibited. Lap length should be in accordance with the design requirements, there shall be no seam phenomenon.
e. When the metal decorative panels are installed, pay attention to the parts that are easy to be contaminated with plastic film to cover the protection. Easy to be scratched, touch the parts, should be set up to protect the board or set up safety railing protection.
f. After the completion of construction, to review the building floor, ground finished surface and escalator platform location relationship, such as escalator area cover plate and ground material there is a height difference, or the relationship between the closure is unreasonable, all need to be adjusted in a timely manner.
g. Protective measures (e.g., paving, shading) must be taken before construction to protect other completed project works. During construction, no damage shall be caused to various utility lines and pre-buried parts due to operation.
i. The exterior decorative metal decorative panels in addition to meet the requirements of fire prevention, aesthetics, but also to ensure that any point on its vertical application of 250N force acting on the 25c ㎡ area, the exterior decorative panels do not produce breakage or lead to deformation of the seams.


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